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But as the host Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:52:50 +0000 (How do you explain these deviations ?) The descendants of pigs which have returned to the wild state reassume the form and structure of their ancestral parents (compare with dog and cat). The manifold uses of the pig are too well known to need description. But as the host of the trichina and of the scolexor cysticercus of a tape- worm (Tcenia solium) " measly " pork it may become a source of great danger to man. Autor of the post: Undefined The body, too, is adapted Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:39:28 +0000 A more distant relation of the pig is the Hippopotamus (Hippo- potamus amphibius), an inhabitant of well- watered districts south of the Sahara. As its name implies, its true home is in the water, which it leaves unwillingly and exceptionally. The body, too, is adapted to its generally aquatic habits. Autor of the post: Undefined The neck, as in all Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:19:58 +0000 Its huge, unwieldy mass can only be moved with any speed or precision in water, which bears a large part of its weight. The disproportionately short legs, which terminate in toes united by webs, serve both as oars and rudders to this colossal creature. The neck, as in all other aquatic mammals, is short. Autor of the post: Undefined ) The water provides the animal Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 16:09:56 +0000 The nostrils, which can be closed, and the eyes and ears, lie high up in the skull, so that the animal needs only to raise the upper part of its immense head above the surface of the water in order to breathe or observe what goes on around it. (Compare what is said in the same respect regarding the Greenland whale, the seal, the otter, and the beaver.) The water provides the animal with its food. Autor of the post: Undefined The feet have broad " Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 15:52:48 +0000 By means of its powerful incisors and canines (which latter furnish excellent ivory) it tears up by their roots from the bottom all kinds of plants, which it crushes between the large molars of its gigantic jaws. If unable to find sufficient food in the water, the animal is compelled to ascend to the land. The feet have broad " soles," formed by four toes of equal length, which are united by webs and can be spread asunder ; these enable it to stride even across mud and sand (compare with wild boar and elk). Autor of the post: Undefined Incisors and canines usually absent Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 15:41:25 +0000 The hide is about f inch in thickness, almost naked, and of a reddish-brown colour. From it are made the thongs or whips of which we hear so much in countries where the slave-trade still prevails. Incisors and canines usually absent in the upper jaw. Autor of the post: Undefined The head is usually furnished Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 15:21:32 +0000 Kuminate, or " chew the cud." Stomach consisting, as a rule, of four divisions. The head is usually furnished with horns or antlers. Autor of the post: Undefined Both species still existed Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 15:10:42 +0000 Body covered with stiff or woolly hairs. At the time of the ancient Germans, according to Eoman writers, two species of wild horned cattle lived in Central Europe : viz, the Bison (Bison europaus] and the Urus or, really, Auerochs (Bos primigenius). Both species still existed in considerable numbers in the Middle Ages ; but as they were an obstacle to agriculture, they were destroyed in constantly increasing numbers. Autor of the post: Undefined The urus survived in Poland Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 14:57:59 +0000 At the present time the bison is almost extinct. Leaving out of consideration some that are kept in several large zoological gardens, a few hundred only are still preserved in the aboriginal forests of Bjelowjesha in Lithuania, while a few herds in the wild state are still to be found in the most inhospitable parts of the Caucasus range. The urus survived in Poland till the sixteenth century ; in Germany it has been extinct since the year 1100, but in the form of our domestic ox, which naturalists have recognised as a descendant of that primeval giant, it survives to the present day, and will probably prolong its existence far into future ages. Autor of the post: Undefined The body of every animal Post Date: Wed, 13 Aug 2008 14:47:50 +0000 The urus was domesticated long before the beginning of history. By the constant selection for propagation of individuals most useful for his purpose (compare dog), man, in the course of thousands of years, has succeeded in transforming the urus into the domestic ox, numerous varieties of which are now spread, as the most important of domestic animals, over a great portion of our earth. The body of every animal must be so constructed that it may be able to obtain the necessary food for its own maintenance and that of its young, and also may be capable of protecting itself against its enemies and the influences of weather and climate ; for unless these conditions are fulfilled it is doomed soon to disappear from the earth. 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