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For putting its digging Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 8:26:58 +0000 6 When we consider how the mole alone and unaided forces his way through the solid earth, which man can only loosen by the aid of sharp iron implements, and how rapidly it progresses in loose earth, we must conclude that it is possessed of simply stupendous strength. Indeed, the mole is a giant among dwarfs. For putting its digging and scraping tools in action, especially powerful muscles are developed in the anterior part of its body. Autor of the post: Undefined ) 7 The velvety fur consists Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 8:10:57 +0000 These are attached to the long shoulder-blades , the strong clavicles and bones of the arm t and the high bony crest of the sternum. (Compare with birds.) 7 The velvety fur consists of short, close-set hairs, by which (a) Dust and water are prevented from penetrating to the skin. Autor of the post: Undefined (c) When we reflect Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 7:55:39 +0000 (Illustrate by dipping a velvet rag in water.) (b) As the hairs are not disposed in a particular direction, the fur is always smooth, and in consequence the animal is not hindered in its movements, whether these be directed forwards or backwards. (c) When we reflect that all animals living in complete darkness are colourless (larva of cockchafer, tape- worm), the black fur of the mole must appear surprising. Autor of the post: Undefined They are not required for Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 7:40:33 +0000 The mole, however, is not exclusively subter- ranean in its habits, for at night it comes to the surface in pursuit of earth-worms and insects, and while thus occupied is rendered almost invisible by its dark coat. 8 External ears, which would impede the animal's progress in its underground passages, are absent. They are not required for the purpose of catching sound, seeing that the soil is a much better conductor of sound than air, and because the whole body of the animal acts as an external ear. Autor of the post: Undefined What do you observe ?) Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 7:24:10 +0000 The animal perceives the vibrations of the soil in the form of sound waves, as we do those of the air. (Experiment : Stop up your ears so that you can no longer hear the ticking of a watch ; now take the watch between your teeth. What do you observe ?) The openings of the ear-passages can be closed to . Autor of the post: Undefined 10 The upper lip Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 7:04:52 +0000 prevent the entrance of sand or earth. 9 The nostrils at the end of the snout are directed downwards for the same reason (against ingress of sand, etc. 10 The upper lip is not rounded as, eg, in man, but provided with a cutaneous fold, which is applied to the lower lip. Autor of the post: Undefined ) 11 The eyes Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 6:45:28 +0000 In this way the mouth is firmly closed. (People who are obliged to work much in dusty air are in the habit of fastening a cloth over the mouth.) 11 The eyes, which are not larger than a poppy- seed, are completely hidden in the thick fur, and useless to the animal. Autor of the post: Undefined A glance into the open Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 6:33:48 +0000 In its dark subter- ranean domain there is, indeed, nothing to be seen, and large well- developed eyes would be superfluous. 1 Dentition. A glance into the open mouth of the mole at once convinces us of its carnivorous habit ; indeed, as a naturalist has expressed it, it is " more carnivorous than the cat or the dog. Autor of the post: Undefined 2 The intestine is short Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 6:20:16 +0000 " The canine teeth resemble sharp-pointed daggers, and the crowns of the molars are divided into sharp tubercles, arrangements which indicate that (as in the bat) its food must consist of insects and insect larvae. It also makes great havoc among mice, and consumes with equal relish frogs and toads, earth-worms and snails. 2 The intestine is short, like that of all carnivores. Autor of the post: Undefined As in the case Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 6:09:22 +0000 (Compare the ox in this respect.) 3 Mode of obtaining Food. As in the case of a blind man, the total absence of sight in the mole is compensated by the exaggerated development of two other senses, viz, the smell and the touch. 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