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(Why ?) In proportion Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 13:12:36 +0000 (Who is probably the guilty party?) Equally absurd is the belief that they entwine themselves in the hair of people. 2 Bats, like other flying or fluttering creatures, progress with much greater difficulty than animals which move on the ground. (Why ?) In proportion as an animal moves with greater difficulty, it requires to exert greater force to execute its movements, and the more force an animal expends, the larger the quantity of food it must take in order to replace lost energy. Autor of the post: Undefined They, in fact, continue Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 12:58:55 +0000 Bats, accordingly, are extremely voracious creatures. Thus, in one instance a bat is known to have consumed twelve specimens of the noxious cockchafer at one meal ; and as bats prefer to fly in the dark, and live mostly on moths, the larvae of which devastate our fruit and forest trees, we must consider them as animals of extraordinary utility to man, which he should endeavour as much as possible to preserve. They, in fact, continue during the night the work performed by the song birds during the day, and are an excellent "night police," so to speak, as we may learn from the following instance : At the beginning of this century a large number of oak-trees were cut down in the neighbourhood of Hanau (Germany), in the hollow trunks and branches of which thousands of bats were found in the hibernating condition. Autor of the post: Undefined From that time onwards these Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 12:45:03 +0000 In sawing and splitting up these trees many of the animals perished from the cold, many were killed wantonly. The result was a marked and rapid increase in the larvae of the Processional moth, which latter had been hitherto for the most part destroyed by the bats. From that time onwards these insect pests increased to such a degree that in the course of the following years first all the oaks, and afterwards also many other trees, for miles around were exterminated. Autor of the post: Undefined It, however, manages to protect Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 12:29:09 +0000 3 Its Enemies. The owl pursues the bat during its flight ; the marten, the polecat, the weasel, and the cat while it is at rest. It, however, manages to protect itself against these marauders by choosing for its refuge places difficult of access, such as cornices, small projections on vertical walls, etc. Autor of the post: Undefined Related Species Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 12:17:08 +0000 Its gray colour also is a protection (protective colouring). A sleeping bat may almost be mistaken for a dusty spider's web. Related Species. Autor of the post: Undefined All of these in their Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 12:06:28 +0000 1 Insectivorous Bats. A large number of bat species are found in Britain and the neighbouring continent. All of these in their structure and mode of life much resemble the long-eared bat. Autor of the post: Undefined They are consequently described Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 11:50:02 +0000 Only two species, the Large and Small Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophusferrum-equinum and Rhino- lophus hippocrepis) require brief consideration. These carry on the nose peculiar membranous appendages by which the acuteness of the sense of touch is probably further increased. They are consequently described as Leaf-Nosed Bats, in contrast to the Smooth- Nosed species, which, like the long-eared bat, do not possess these leafy appendages. Autor of the post: Undefined The best-known species Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 11:38:16 +0000 Both are insectivorous, though in exceptional cases they may suck the blood of other bats or of sleeping game. The much dreaded Vampire of South America (Vam- pyrus spectrum), of which so many gruesome stories are told, is also principally an insect- eater, and only attacks birds and mammals for the purpose of sucking their blood when there is a dearth of insect food. The best-known species is the Flying Fox or Kalong (Pteropus edulis), an animal about 16 inches long. Autor of the post: Undefined It does not hibernate Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 11:25:35 +0000 It is found in the East Indian Islands. Living exclusively on fruit, its molar teeth have blunt tubercles. It does not hibernate. Autor of the post: Undefined (a) The fore-limbs do not Post Date: Fri, 15 Aug 2008 11:05:49 +0000 (Why?) 1 The fore-limbs act as shovels by the help of which the animal digs (or, rather, scrapes) its underground passages, at the same time throwing the loose earth behind it. The structure of these limbs is accordingly quite different to that of the hind-limbs, which are much weaker, and in which the whole sole of the foot is used for walking. (a) The fore-limbs do not, as in most other mammals, point down- wards, but away from the body laterally and horizontally. 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